Sunday, January 12, 2020

Jacoby Transfers 102

Partner opened 1NT, showing 15-17 high card points (HCP). You bid  2 or  2, a Jacoby Transfer showing at least five cards in the respective major. Partner accepted your transfer at the two level. Now what?

First, some Jacoby Transfer fundamentals:
  1. Partner has at least two-card support, because she opened 1NT showing a balanced hand.
  2. Partner does not have a maximum 1NT opener with four-card support. If she did, she would have super-accepted the transfer at the three level.
  3. If you have 6+ cards in the major, you have less than game-going values. Otherwise, you would have bid a Texas Transfer at the four level. (There is an exception that we'll cover presently.)
  4. If we have an eight-card major suit fit we always play in the major, never in notrump. There are situations when a notrump contract might be superior, but they are almost impossible to reliably identify in Jacoby Transfer auctions.
    • Therefore when we offer partner a choice between notrump and the major suit, we show only five cards in the major. With six cards in the major, we only offer partner a choice of how high in the major.
With those principles in mind, let's look at what might happen next:
  • Transfer, then Pass.  1NT - 2 - 2 - Pass
    Your hand is not worth a game invitation, typically less than 7 HCP. Recall that partner has denied a maximum opener with four-card support. You might even have four cards in the other major, if your hand is too weak for a Stayman response.
  • Transfer, then raise  1NT - 2 - 2 - 3
    Quantitative invitation to the major suit game. You show 7-8 HCP and six cards in the major, for example:
     K Q 10 5 4 2  9 4 Q 8 7 6 3
    If partner has 16+ HCP, she will bid game in the major; otherwise, she will pass.
  • Transfer, then rebid 2NT.
    Quantitative invitation to either game, notrump or the major. You show 8-9 HCP and exactly five cards in the major. If partner has 16+ HCP she will bid 3NT with only two-card support, or four of the major with three-card support. With a minimum opener, partner will pass with two-card support, and sign off in three of the major with three-card support.
  • Transfer, then bid 3NT
    Offers partner a choice of games: showing 10-14 HCP, only five cards in the major, and denying a singleton or void. If partner has three or more cards in the major, she will bid game in the major.
  • Transfer, then bid three of a minor suit
    Natural and forcing to game: at least four cards (usually) in the minor suit, at least five in the major (of course), and 9+ HCP. Partner's first priority is to support the major with three or more by bidding three of the major. With only two-card support in the major, partner will usually sign off in 3NT. With an exceptional hand for the minor suit, partner can raise to four of the minor. Partner will not bid beyond four of the major, because you may have a six-card major suit in this sequence.
  • Transfer to hearts, then bid two spades
    Nonforcing: shows a weak hand with least 5-5 in the majors and 0-6 HCP. Partner either passes or corrects to 3 if she has a definite preference for hearts.
  • Transfer to spades, then bid three hearts
    Invitational to either major suit game, showing at least 5-5 in the majors and about 7-8 HCP. With a minimum NT opener, partner can pass or correct to 3. With 16+ HCP, partner chooses the major suit game.
  • Transfer to spades, then bid four hearts
    Offers partner a choice of major suit games, showing at least 5-5 in the majors and 9+ HCP; partner can either pass or correct to 4.
  • Texas Transfer, then pass. 1NT - 4 - 4♠ - Pass 
    To play, with no slam interest. At least a six card suit with about 9-12 HCP.
  • Transfer, then raise to game  1NT - 2 - 2♠ - 4♠ 
    "Slamvitational" A quantitative invitation to six of the major, showing a sound six-card suit with some extra values (about 13-14 HCP). If you had no interest in slam, you would have just done a Texas Transfer at the four-level. Partner can show slam interest by cue-bidding an ace or asking for aces/keycards. Note the difference between this and the previous auction.
  • Transfer, then bid 4NT. 1NT - 2 - 2 - 4NT
    "Slamvitational" A quantitative invitation to either slam, showing only five cards in the major and about 15-16 HCP. This is NOT Blackwood or a keycard-ask. With a minimum opener, partner will pass with two-card support or correct to five of the major with three or more. With 16+ HCP, partner will bid the major suit slam (with three-card support) or 6NT with only two-card support.
  • Texas Transfer, then bid 4NT.  1NT - 4 - 4 - 4NT
    Pushing for slam by checking on aces or keycards, depending on your partnership agreement. Shows at least six cards in the major suit. Note the difference between this auction and the previous one.
-- Ray 
Better Bridge in 5 Minutes. Guaranteed! (or the next one is free)

Sunday, January 5, 2020

Third Hand Basics

We are defending. Dummy is on your right, declarer on your left. Partner is on lead. You will be third to play to the trick, so we refer to you as "third hand."  Here are some basic examples and rules for third hand play when we have the option to win the trick. (You are East every time here.)

4 3 2
6
N
WE
S
A J 5
Partner leads the 6, declarer plays low from dummy's three small cards. What to do?
ANSWER: Play the Ace. Partner has led the suit, hoping to find you with some high cards there. Play the highest one you have, trying to win the trick. Unless there is something much more important to do right now, you will lead the Jack next. On a good day, partner will have started with K 10 8 6 and the two of you will trap declarer's queen.
RULE 1: THIRD HAND HIGH

K 3 2
7
N
WE
S
A Q 5
Partner leads the 7, declarer calls for the 2 from dummy. Hmm, third hand high... play the Ace?
ANSWER: Play the Queen. It would be obviously silly to play the Ace and set up dummy's King, when you could simply win the trick with the Queen.  Note that you will not cash the Ace right now unless it is the setting trick; cashing the Ace just sets up the King for declarer.
RULE 1: THIRD HAND HIGH
RULE 2: BUT NO HIGHER THAN NECESSARY 
Everybody likes a bargain; don't spend more than necessary.

Q 3 2
7
N
WE
S
K J 10
Partner leads the 7, declarer calls for the 2 from dummy. Your play?
ANSWER: Play the 10, not the Jack. No higher than necessary! When declarer wins with the Ace, partner will realize that you must have the Jack (and maybe the King). If declarer had the Jack, she would play it over your 10; since she didn't play the Jack, you must have it. When following suit with touching honors, fol-LOW with the LOWest of touching honors.
RULE 1: THIRD HAND HIGH
RULE 2: BUT NO HIGHER THAN NECESSARY


Q J 5 4
8
N
WE
S
A K 10 9 6 3 2
You preempted at the three-level with this suit; declarer bid four in her own suit. Partner led the 8, declarer played the 4 from dummy. Your play?
ANSWER: Play the 9. No higher than necessary! Yes, partner's 8 will win if declarer has the 7 (the only missing card in the suit). But partner won't be able to continue the suit, so it's necessary for you to take over with the 9, following suit with the lowest of touching honors, the lowest card that will do the job.
RULE 1: THIRD HAND HIGH
RULE 2: BUT NO HIGHER THAN NECESSARY


Q 3 2
7
N
WE
S
A J 10 9 5 
You bid this suit and declarer bid notrump, ending the auction. Partner led the 7, declarer low from dummy. Your play?
ANSWER: Play the 9. No higher than necessary, lowest of touching honors, and staying in control of the suit. Declarer obviously has the king. If you play the ace right now, you give declarer two tricks in the suit: the king and queen. If you play the nine now -- no higher than necessary to force the king -- declarer can never cash the queen. Your ace-jack will be good for two tricks over dummy's queen.
So, win one trick now and give declarer two tricks, or give declarer one trick now and get two for yourself later? Do the math, and stay in control of the suit.
RULE 1: THIRD HAND HIGH
RULE 2: BUT NO HIGHER THAN NECESSARY

RULE 3: AND KEEP CONTROL OVER DUMMY'S HONOR

Okay, last one for now...
Q 8 5 
2
N
WE
S
A J 9
A notrump contract: partner led the 2 and declarer played the 8 from dummy. What now?
ANSWER: Play the Jack. Stay in control of the suit, no higher than necessary. We expect that partner's two is fourth-best from a king-high suit. When your jack holds, dummy's queen is toast: lead the ace next and continue with the nine to partner's king and another. Four tricks for the taking if you play your cards right! Note the difference between this and the very first example, where dummy did not have any honors in the suit.
RULE 1: THIRD HAND HIGH
RULE 2: BUT NO HIGHER THAN NECESSARY

RULE 3: AND KEEP CONTROL OVER DUMMY'S HONOR

-- Ray 
Better Bridge in 5 Minutes. Guaranteed! (or the next one is free)